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  "sourcesContent": ["import{jsx as e,jsxs as t}from\"react/jsx-runtime\";import{ComponentPresetsConsumer as i,Link as a}from\"framer\";import{motion as n}from\"framer-motion\";import*as o from\"react\";import{Youtube as r}from\"https://framerusercontent.com/modules/NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js\";export const richText=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(n.div,{className:\"framer-text-module\",style:{\"--aspect-ratio\":\"560 / 315\",aspectRatio:\"var(--aspect-ratio)\",height:\"auto\",width:\"100%\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(i,{componentIdentifier:\"module:NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js:Youtube\",children:t=>/*#__PURE__*/e(r,{...t,play:\"Off\",shouldMute:!0,thumbnail:\"High Quality\",url:\"https://youtu.be/ntS7ICSbNxs\"})})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"TLDR: Navigating Dietary Restraint in Eating Disorder Treatment\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article explores the complex relationship between dietary restraint, eating disorders, and weight management. Key points include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Dieting can be stressful and often counterproductive for weight loss\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Calorie counting may oversimplify complex nutritional needs\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Dietary restraint can contribute to binge eating and weight gain\\xa0\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:'The concept of \"food addiction\" complicates nutritional approaches'})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Flexible, individualized strategies are essential for effective treatment\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Wise Mind Nutrition emphasizes the importance of:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Assessing dieting history when considering weight-related goals\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Focusing on food quality rather than just quantity\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Addressing internalized weight bias and developing coping skills\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Tailoring nutritional approaches to individual needs\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The article highlights the need for a balanced, nuanced approach to nutrition that considers both physical and mental health aspects.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for in-depth analysis of dietary restraint research and implications for eating disorder treatment]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"img\",{alt:\"Balancing pebbles on top of a stone\",className:\"framer-image\",\"data-framer-asset\":\"data:framer/asset-reference,eUKQV8tdW1FXM0ivUthbZoTgcLs.jpg?preferredSize=medium\",\"data-framer-height\":\"2780\",\"data-framer-width\":\"4200\",height:\"1390\",src:\"https://framerusercontent.com/images/eUKQV8tdW1FXM0ivUthbZoTgcLs.jpg?scale-down-to=1024\",style:{aspectRatio:\"4200 / 2780\"},width:\"2100\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"As anyone who has ever tried it can attest, dieting is stressful! This may explain why dieting behaviors aimed at losing weight can actually have the opposite effect [1\u20133]. Many people are surprised to learn that their diet efforts may have contributed to weight gain over time, and even worsening \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/body-image-and-disordered-eating\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"body image\"})}),\" over time.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"It seems some people assume that their energy balance is a simple 24-hour ordeal (likely due to calorie counting apps) rather than a dynamic life course process. These math-centric approaches overlook one\u2019s relationship with food and the importance of\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/dopamine-and-food\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\" individual neurochemistry\"})}),\" in the quest to find eating disorder recovery. For some people, counting calories and tracking macros is a primary reason they experience loss of trust in themself as eaters, and loss of control around food.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"While it may seem counterintuitive, data has implicated dietary restraint as a causal factor in binge eating disorder as well as obesity. Of course, these relationships are bidirectional since many people start engaging in restrained eating after the onset of overeating [4]. It then becomes a vicious cycle. Thus, it is critical to acknowledge the \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/what-is-diet-culture\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"role of diet culture\"})}),\" and weight stigma in perpetuating eating disorder symptoms.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Effects of Dietary and Caloric Restraint\\xa0\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Restrained eating is generally defined as a cognitive effort to eat less in order to lose weight [5], which has been viewed both as the problem and solution to obesity [6]. However, recently it has become clear that theories of weight loss based on low-calorie dieting are failing, likely due to\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/the-gut-brain-axis\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\" neurochemical, endocrine, and gastrointestinal factors\"})}),\", which simple models of energy balance do not adequately capture. Thus, we must consider dieting history in assessing weight status and in conversations about weight-related goals.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"A classic study conducted by Ancel Keys in the 1940s examined the link between starvation and changes in human biology and behavior [7]. The study showed that significant (intentional) weight loss produced \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/how-to-reboot-health-and-mindset-after-binge\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"binge eating\"})}),\" in 30% of participants. Many individuals who were reduced to 50% of their baseline caloric intake for extended periods (months) began collecting recipes and cookbooks. Dietary restraint led to an obsession with food for many of these men, which was persistent after the weight was regained!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"The finding that caloric restriction leads to preoccupation with food has been widely cited in eating disorder circles. The argument that follows is that \u201Cdiets don\u2019t work.\u201D Meanwhile, it is less clear if deliberate efforts to eat differently (focusing on dietary quality rather than quantity) should be classified as pathological restraint. However, overemphasis on dietary quality can also be very stressful. For example, \u201Cclean\u201D diets intended for health reasons which impair daily function have been described as \u201Corthorexia nervosa\u201D which is also a growing problem in society [8]. Nutrition is tricky!\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Dietary Restraint and Food Addiction \"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"There is considerable debate on how to approach the concept of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/does-food-addiction-exist\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"food addiction\"})}),\" from a nutritional standpoint. It has been stated that \u201Cdietary restraint does not have to be dysfunctional as long as flexible elements are added\u201D [9]. Furthermore, individuals who meet the criteria for food addiction and engage in dietary restraint may experience different effects on their weight status, depending on whether the restraint is successful, unsuccessful, pathological, or part of a restrictive eating disorder.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"More research is needed to determine what types of dietary restraint are helpful or harmful when criteria for food addiction are met. In the meantime, an 8-step process for discerning dietary restraint from food addiction was recently published in an open-access journal [10].\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Many people turn to comfort food when feeling stressed. Improving food choices and eating habits is one form of treatment, and should be done with a registered dietitian nutritionist. But it is equally important to learn principles of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/the-how-of-it-mindful-and-soulful-eating\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"mindful eating \"})}),\"and address issues of internalized weight bias.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Striking a Nutritional Balance\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"It is crucial to establish if someone would benefit from a more exclusive (i.e., removal of foods) versus inclusive (i.e., integrate foods) nutritional approach. We predict that very-low-calorie diets will always be dangerous over the long run. Stopping dieting is one of the most straightforward ways to stop stress eating and binge eating. For people with binge eating disorder, it is critical to develop new coping skills, and may require a whole \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/virtual-eating-disorder-treatment\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"treatment team\"})}),\".\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"At Wise Mind Nutrition, we believe that one size does not fit all and that no single food philosophy works for all people. For this reason, we undergo a careful assessment process to guide nutrition interventions. Our approach is on the cutting edge of the \u201C\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/nutrition-for-mental-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"nutrition for mental health\"})}),\"\u201D revolution. The truth will set you free\u2014find out what's true for you today!\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"References\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"1. Jacquet P, Schutz Y, Montani J-P, Dulloo A. How dieting might make some fatter: modeling weight cycling toward obesity from a perspective of body composition autoregulation. Int J Obesity. 2020;44(6):1243\u201353.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"2. Siahpush M, Tibbits M, Shaikh RA, Singh GK, Kessler AS, Huang TT-K. Dieting Increases the Likelihood of Subsequent Obesity and BMI Gain: Results from a Prospective Study of an Australian National Sample. Int J Behav Med. 2015;22(5):662\u201371.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"3. Lowe MR, Doshi SD, Katterman SN, Feig EH. Dieting and restrained eating as prospective predictors of weight gain. Front Psychol. 2013;4:577.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"4. Brewerton TD, Dansky BS, Kilpatrick DG, O\u2019Neil PM. Which comes first in the pathogenesis of bulimia nervosa: Dieting or bingeing? International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2000;28(3).\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"5. Meule A. Chapter 16 An Addiction Perspective on Eating Disorders and Obesity. Eating Disorders and Obesity in Children and Adolescents. 2019;99\u2013104.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"6. Monnier L, Schlienger J-L, Colette C, Bonnet F. The obesity treatment dilemma: Why dieting is both the answer and the problem? A mechanistic overview. Diabetes Metab. 2020;\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"7. Keys A, Bro\u017Eek J, Henschel A, Mickelsen O, Taylor HL. The Biology of Human Starvation, Vols. 1 & 2. University of Minnesota Press; 1950.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"8. Dunn TM, Bratman S. On orthorexia nervosa: A review of the literature and proposed diagnostic criteria. Eating Behaviors. 2016;21:11\u20137.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"9. Meule A. A Critical Examination of the Practical Implications Derived from the Food Addiction Concept. Current Obesity Reports. 2019;8(1):11\u20137.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"10. Wiss D, Brewerton T. Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2937.\"]})]});export const richText1=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(n.div,{className:\"framer-text-module\",style:{\"--aspect-ratio\":\"560 / 315\",aspectRatio:\"var(--aspect-ratio)\",height:\"auto\",width:\"100%\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(i,{componentIdentifier:\"module:NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js:Youtube\",children:t=>/*#__PURE__*/e(r,{...t,play:\"Off\",shouldMute:!0,thumbnail:\"High Quality\",url:\"https://youtu.be/NnxoYiA5uPs\"})})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h1\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"TLDR: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Nutrition - A Complex Relationship\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article explores the connections between PTSD, nutrition, and eating disorders. Key points include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The distinction between trauma and PTSD\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The link between PTSD and binge-type eating disorders\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The concept of complex trauma and its impact on eating behaviors\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Key takeaways:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"PTSD can lead to altered brain reward pathways, potentially causing food addiction\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Dissociation, a PTSD subtype, is associated with binge eating behaviors\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Complex trauma can result in a range of psychological problems beyond PTSD symptoms\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Understanding the biological embedding of adversity can help reduce anxiety and depression\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Wise Mind Nutrition's stance:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Advocates for a trauma-informed approach to nutrition counseling\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Uses a biopsychosocial model of health and disease\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Believes nutrition can play an essential role in the recovery process\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Focuses on the present while remaining open to future possibilities\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The article concludes that addressing trauma-related biological and behavioral manifestations is crucial for successful treatment of eating pathology. A trauma-informed approach to nutrition is essential for managing anxiety and promoting overall mental health.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for detailed explanations of PTSD symptoms, dissociation, complex trauma, and their relationships to eating behaviors, as well as full references]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"The Links Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Nutrition\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder resulting from exposure to (witnessing or experiencing) a traumatic event. Such events can include violence (actual or threatened), sexual assault, traffic accidents, and other dangerous situations or terrifying incidents.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"In this article, we discuss links between PTSD and nutrition, which point to the topic of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-informed-nutrition-therapy\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"trauma-informed nutrition education\"})}),\". Importantly, we discuss links between trauma and eating disorders, as well acknowledge the role of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/adverse-childhood-experiences-and-adult-obesity\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)\"})}),\" in shaping eating behavior. But first, we\u2019ll discuss a little bit more background on PTSD.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Trauma vs. PTSD\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Importantly, trauma itself is distinct from PTSD, representing a lived experience rather than a clinical disorder. More than a third of people exposed to intentional trauma develop PTSD [1]. Although some traumatized individuals develop trauma-related psychopathology, others do not [2]. More research is needed to understand why some people \u201Cbounce back\u201D quickly, others have negatively altered trajectories, and some never fully recover from PTSD. In some cases, individuals develop bulimia nervosa symptoms and have body image disturbances that are persistent over the lifespan, if not properly treated.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"The theory of latent vulnerability suggests that an individual\u2019s genotype interacts with social and environmental stressors to differentiate one\u2019s susceptibility to psychiatric outcomes (e.g., PTSD), particularly when the adversity is experienced early in life [3]. \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-and-resilience\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"Resilience\"})}),\" involves unique biological processes, not simply a reversal of pathological mechanisms. Among those with PTSD, only about one-third remit after three months [1], suggesting that the impact of trauma can be enduring.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"PTSD and Binge Eating Disorders\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"One known correlate of PTSD is binge-type eating disorders [4\u20136]. More research is needed to elucidate biological mechanisms. However, several studies suggest this pathway is mediated by altered brain reward pathways [7\u201310], which can be a cause of consequence of \u201Cfood addiction\u201D [11,12]. Food addiction (increasingly referred to as ultra-processed food addiction) has been linked to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-and-addictions\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"all forms of trauma\"})}),\". These new findings may help to inform treatment for \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/how-to-reboot-health-and-mindset-after-binge\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"binge eating disorder\"})}),\".\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Mental health recovery usually involves reducing guilt or shame around thoughts and behaviors. Understanding the \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/early-life-adversity-and-long-term-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"biological embedding of adversity\"})}),\" can help to reduce anxiety and depression among those seeking treatment.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"PTSD symptoms fall into four categories: \"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"1) Intrusion;\"}),\" which includes intrusive thoughts that are difficult to control, such as flashbacks \"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"2)\"}),\" \",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Avoidance\"}),\"; which can be a conscious or subconscious avoidance of any reminders of the traumatic event, including talking about or even remembering the incident \"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"3)\"}),\" \",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Altered cognition and mood;\"}),\" which can include distorted thoughts about the cause or consequence of the event and negative emotions leading to social disconnection and \"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"4) Altered arousal and reactivity\"}),\"; which can include anxiety symptoms and increased threat vigilance, as well as sleep difficulties. It makes sense that symptomatic individuals will consume highly palatable food as a form of self-medication [13].\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Dissociation, an automatic disconnection from one\u2019s memories, feelings, behaviors, perceptions, and/or sense of self (e.g., an \u201Cout of body\u201D experience) is a PTSD subtype. The dissociative subtype is associated with high PTSD severity, derealization and depersonalization, a more significant history of early life trauma, and higher levels of psychiatric comorbidity [14].\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Several studies have documented relationships between dissociation and binge eating [15,16]. In some cases, when individuals are affected by the overvaluation of shape and weight, dissociation may promote the initiating of binge behavior, decreasing self-awareness and negative emotional states linked to the long-term consequences of these actions [16]. Thus, treatment for pathological eating should address dissociative disorders whenever present. These issues are often overlooked in treatment.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Complex Trauma\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"The concept of complex trauma (or cPTSD) is growing in clinical circles. However, it has not yet been established as an official diagnosis. Complex trauma is not defined by a single event but instead occurs repeatedly and cumulatively, over time and within specific relationships and contexts [17].\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"This concept contributes to an expanding understanding of trauma, including psychological problems not included in the diagnosis of PTSD, including anxiety, self-hatred, risk-taking behaviors, and problems with interpersonal and intimate relationships (including parenting) [17]. Thus, even in the absence of an identifiable \u201Cevent,\u201D complex trauma can be characterized by a failure to heal wounds and thus the living legacy of adverse experiences.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Summary\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"After trauma and PTSD, we remember it with our bodies. It is often not experienced as memory. The \u201Craw data\u201D can remain unprocessed and encoded in the amygdala (part of the limbic system responsible for emotional responses including fear). According to Dr. Janina Fisher, there can be sensitization to subtle reminders, with the \u201Csmoke detector\u201D (amygdala) picking up signs of imminent danger. If these biological and behavioral manifestations are not addressed in treatment for eating pathology, interventions are unlikely to be successful. Thus, trauma-informed nutrition is the best \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/anxiety-and-lifestyle-medicine\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"diet for anxiety\"})}),\".\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"At Wise Mind Nutrition, we use a trauma-informed approach to nutrition counseling. We use a \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/the-biopsychosocial-model-of-health-and-disease\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"biopsychosocial model\"})}),\" of health and disease. For this reason, our treatment program is designed for individuals with hyperactivate autonomic nervous systems and disorganized attachment patterns.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"We believe in resilience and take the position that nutrition can play an essential role in the recovery process at biochemical and behavioral levels. We focus on the here-and-now and stay curious about the possibilities ahead of us. We help people recover one day at a time and one bite at a time!\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"References\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"1. Santiago PN, Ursano RJ, Gray CL, Pynoos RS, Spiegel D, Lewis-Fernandez R, et al. A Systematic Review of PTSD Prevalence and Trajectories in DSM-5 Defined Trauma Exposed Populations: Intentional and Non-Intentional Traumatic Events. Plos One. 2013;8(4):e59236.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"2. Danese A. Annual Research Review: Rethinking childhood trauma\u2010new research directions for measurement, study design and analytical strategies. J Child Psychol Psyc. 2020;61(3):236\u201350.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"3. McCrory EJ, Viding E. The theory of latent vulnerability: Reconceptualizing the link between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric disorder. Development and Psychopathology. 2015;27(2):493\u2013505.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"4. Brewerton TD. Eating Disorders, Trauma, and Comorbidity: Focus on PTSD. Eat Disord. 2007;15(4):285\u2013304. 5. Brewerton TD. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Disordered Eating: Food Addiction as Self-Medication. J Women\u2019s Heal. 2011;20(8):1133\u20134.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"6. Brewerton TD, Perlman MM, Gavidia I, Suro G, Genet J, Bunnell DW. The association of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder with greater eating disorder and comorbid symptom severity in residential eating disorder treatment centers. Int J Eat Disorder. 2020;\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"7. Novick AM, Levandowski ML, Laumann L, Philip NS, Price LH, Tyrka AR. The effects of early life stress on reward processing. Journal of psychiatric research. 2018;101:80\u2013103.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"8. McCutcheon RA, Bloomfield MAP, Dahoun T, Mehta M, Howes OD. Chronic psychosocial stressors are associated with alterations in salience processing and corticostriatal connectivity. Schizophrenia Research. 2018; 9. Bloomfield MA, McCutcheon RA, Kempton M, Freeman TP, Howes O. The effects of psychosocial stress on dopaminergic function and the acute stress response. Elife. 2019;8:e46797.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"10. Osadchiy V, Mayer EA, Bhatt R, Labus JS, Gao L, Kilpatrick LA, et al. History of early life adversity is associated with increased food addiction and sex\u2010specific alterations in reward network connectivity in obesity. Obes Sci Pract. 2019;5(5):416\u201336.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"11. Mason SM, Flint AJ, Roberts AL, Agnew-Blais J, Koenen KC, Rich-Edwards JW. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Food Addiction in Women by Timing and Type of Trauma Exposure. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71(11):1271\u20138.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"12. Mason SM, Flint AJ, Field AE, Austin BS, Rich\u2010Edwards JW. Abuse victimization in childhood or adolescence and risk of food addiction in adult women. Obesity. 2013;21(12):E775\u201381.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"13. Brewerton TD. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Disordered Eating: Food Addiction as Self-Medication. J Women\u2019s Heal. 2011;20(8):1133\u20134.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"14. Huijstee J van, Vermetten E. The Dissociative Subtype of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Research Update on Clinical and Neurobiological Features. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2017;229\u201348.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"15. GDipPsych MF-TB, Mussap AJ. The Relationship Between Dissociation and Binge Eating. J Trauma Dissociatio. 2008;9(4):445\u201362.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"16. Mela CL, Maglietta M, Castellini G, Amoroso L, Lucarelli S. Dissociation in eating disorders: relationship between dissociative experiences and binge-eating episodes. Compr Psychiat. 2010;51(4):393\u2013400.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"17. Courtois CA. Complex trauma, complex reactions: Assessment and treatment. Psychotherapy Theory Res Pract Train. 2004;41(4):412.\"]})]});export const richText2=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"TLDR: Virtual Eating Disorder Treatment - Adapting to the New Normal \"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article examines the transition to online eating disorder treatment during COVID-19. Key points include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Societal shift to virtual healthcare delivery\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Initial concerns about effectiveness of online treatment\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Virtual sessions proved equally effective for most patients\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Technology enabled full treatment experience, including cooking classes\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Reduced travel stress improved patient attendance and engagement\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Wise Mind Nutrition emphasizes the importance of:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Combining app-based support with provider interaction\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Maintaining connection despite virtual format\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Offering flexible treatment options based on individual needs\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Adapting traditional treatment tools to digital platforms\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The article concludes that while in-person care has its place, virtual eating disorder treatment can be highly effective when properly implemented with appropriate support tools and provider engagement.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for detailed insights into virtual treatment approaches and success strategies]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"img\",{alt:\"woman receiving virtual healthcare\",className:\"framer-image\",\"data-framer-asset\":\"data:framer/asset-reference,SInTfNiZZCDFuIzGsCUWya6UE.jpg?preferredSize=medium\",\"data-framer-height\":\"768\",\"data-framer-width\":\"1368\",height:\"384\",src:\"https://framerusercontent.com/images/SInTfNiZZCDFuIzGsCUWya6UE.jpg?scale-down-to=1024\",style:{aspectRatio:\"1368 / 768\"},width:\"684\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"When COVID-19 put the entire globe on lockdown in March 2020, it soon became evident that the world was changing in ways that would become permanent. Anyone who was yet unfamiliar with videoconferencing technologies like Zoom or Skype, quickly became savvy with these tools. For those health professionals who were previously providing a combination of face-to-face as well as \u201Cvirtual\u201D care, the transition to telehealth was immediate. For others, it was a slow process met with much resistance. But, like it or not, when the pandemic became official, full days of virtual care became the new norm. For many practitioners, this transition was exhausting, leading to \u201CZoom fatigue\u201D and burn-out. Naturally our providers (and our clients) also had many questions about the viability of this model:\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u2022 Does online counseling work as well as in-person care?\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u2022 Will body language and other nuances be missed in a virtual setting?\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u2022 Will people feel less connected to their provider through a video screen?\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u2022 How does this impact the mental health of the provider?\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u2022 Will I be able to find sustainable recovery from bingeing and purging?\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u2022 Does virtual eating disorder treatment work?\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"It has been our experience that, in many cases, online counseling for eating disorders works just as well as in-person care for most recovery processes. Removing the stress of driving in city traffic, finding parking, and the fear of being late to the appointment seems to contribute to positive outcomes. We have found that during this transition, people are less stressed about their meetings (albeit perhaps more stressed about other things), are generally on-time, and cancel less often. When people are less stressed, they tend to restrict less, stress eat at night less, and can find recovery for disordered eating, including those with \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/dopamine-and-food\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"food addiction symptoms\"})}),\".\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"All forms and paperwork were adapted for completion online. We find it very important to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/considering-dietary-restraint-during-nutritional-treatment\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"assess dieting history and levels of dietary restraint\"})}),\" before making any nutrition or recovery-related recommendations. All handouts were shared over email and on screen. The use of recovery-related accountability apps makes everything possible, and this is where the idea of Wise Mind Nutrition was born, to provide mental health support remotely. We even conduct blood and stool tests through the mail (when clinically appropriate), in addition to shipping dietary supplements (when necessary).\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"While the initial few months of Zoom sessions may have been a bit awkward, most quickly adapted. We found that we can transmit facial expressions and build rapport virtually. We had incredible success providing treatment for binge eating disorder and treatment for bulimia nervosa online. In fact, the COVID-19 lockdown was the impetus for the creation of the Wise Mind Nutrition app, which is designed specifically to help people recover from disordered eating patterns.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"The experience of developing a connection can occur in a virtual setting. In fact, some people feel more comfortable discussing their issues during telehealth sessions than in person. In short: virtual eating disorder treatment works, especially when there is a full treatment team! By leveraging technology, we can recreate all facets of the \u201Cstandard\u201D treatment experience. We have even held cooking classes entirely online!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"We are not suggesting that being in the same room with a therapist, dietitian, or doctor can be wholly replaced by virtual platforms; however, we have had great success with this modality and that some providers can avoid burn-out by conducting slightly shorter sessions than the usual clinical hour. Many of our patients were able to find sustainable recovery during the COVID-19 pandemic and so we continue helping people find healing this way. \",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"There is no single treatment for eating disorders. Some therapies do require experiential care. For example, food exposure therapy or other activities for \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/body-image-and-disordered-eating\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"body image disturbance\"})}),\". Many of these assignments and activities can be done through the app. As long as there is a provider involved, there are few limitations to virtual eating disorder treatment for some forms of disordered eating. Treating binge eating disorder is entirely possible when combining the Wise Mind Nutrition app and weekly sessions with Dr. David Wiss or another member of the treatment team.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"At Wise Mind Nutrition, we provide reliable virtual eating disorder treatment through our app, with the option of adding additional services. Individuals can choose to engage in the fully self-directed online program or decide to meet with a provider. With eating disorders, it is usually recommended to meet with a provider, as some nuances can be missed without one-on-one interaction, but whichever you choose, we look forward to being a part of your journey. \"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Recovering from an eating disorder can be a process. We want to give you new coping skills and help you identify barriers to success. We are available to talk through different treatment options if you are ready to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/contact\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"send an inquiry\"})}),\". While we specialize in nutrition, our real passion is recovery. We love helping people feel aligned with truth and liberated from diet culture. Together we can accomplish what we could never do alone.\"]})]});export const richText3=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(n.div,{className:\"framer-text-module\",style:{\"--aspect-ratio\":\"560 / 315\",aspectRatio:\"var(--aspect-ratio)\",height:\"auto\",width:\"100%\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(i,{componentIdentifier:\"module:NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js:Youtube\",children:t=>/*#__PURE__*/e(r,{...t,play:\"Off\",shouldMute:!0,thumbnail:\"High Quality\",url:\"https://youtu.be/eUUaNVGXSOg\"})})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"TLDR: Diet vs. Non-Diet Approaches: Finding Balance for Health\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article explores the pros and cons of diet and non-diet approaches to nutrition and weight management. Key takeaways include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Diet approaches often focus on calorie restriction and weight loss, while non-diet approaches emphasize intuitive eating and body acceptance.\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Both approaches have potential benefits and drawbacks.\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:'A middle ground, or \"wise mind\" approach, may be most effective for long-term health and well-being.'})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Key points:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Diets can lead to short-term weight loss but often result in weight cycling and psychological distress.\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Non-diet approaches promote a healthier relationship with food but may not address health concerns related to weight.\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"A balanced approach considers both physical health and mental well-being.\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Personalized strategies that incorporate elements from both approaches may be most effective.\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:'Ready to explore a more balanced approach to nutrition and health that goes beyond strict dieting or complete food freedom? Discover how to find your \"wise mind\" when it comes to eating and body image.'}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for an in-depth comparison of diet and non-diet approaches, and guidance on finding a personalized middle ground]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"img\",{alt:\"Power of mind concept\",className:\"framer-image\",\"data-framer-asset\":\"data:framer/asset-reference,yhxWFRQn113W15qMbRoy0M2XJ9I.jpg?preferredSize=medium\",\"data-framer-height\":\"3840\",\"data-framer-width\":\"5760\",height:\"1920\",src:\"https://framerusercontent.com/images/yhxWFRQn113W15qMbRoy0M2XJ9I.jpg?scale-down-to=1024\",style:{aspectRatio:\"5760 / 3840\"},width:\"2880\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"We are all familiar with the conventional approach to making nutrition-related behavioral changes (most people still associate nutrition with losing weight). The \u201Cdiet approach\u201D is a targeted manipulation of one\u2019s food intake to achieve a desired outcome and is still the most common form of intervention in the United States. This method has become entrenched largely through government-issued nutrition guidelines, which typically single out nutrients in a reductionistic way (e.g., target grams of fat per day), and is perpetuated by a nearly $300-billion-dollar weight-loss industry. Unfortunately, this approach is notorious for promoting \u201C\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/what-is-diet-culture\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"diet culture\"})}),\"\u201D messaging and can even perpetuate weight bias and weight stigma, which is discriminatory ideology toward individuals who live in larger bodies.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"The Controversy Behind Diet Culture\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"The use of the word \u201Cdiet\u201D itself has a long history, is often medicalized, and has been applied widely in fitness circles over decades. Even the titles of the leading nutrition professionals: Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) and their parent organization: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, have the word diet embedded. The very definition of the word\u2014both as a noun: \u201Ca special course of food to which one restricts oneself, either to lose weight or for medical reasons\u201D and as a verb: \u201Cto restrict oneself to small amounts or special kinds of food to lose weight\u201D \u2014has the concept of weight loss through intentional restriction built-in! It should then come as no surprise that there is much controversy and debate about the use of this word!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"The term \u201Cobesity\u201D has even become controversial. Many practitioners have transitioned to using the term \u201Cliving in larger bodies\u201D because of the connotation connected to the word obesity. In scientific articles, we still use the term \u201Cobesity\u201D but in the clinic we are much less inclined to do so.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"What Does the Data Say?\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"UK-based study on weight loss through dietary restriction:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"In the last ten years, it has become increasingly apparent (for many of us) that intentional weight loss through dietary restriction is simply not practical. For example, in a large study of individuals with obesity in the UK, the annual probability of attaining normal weight (based on a BMI of 18.5-24.9) was 1 in 210 for men and 1 in 124 for women [1]. This translates to less than 1% of people going from obese to normal during the 9-year follow-up period. Among those with Class III obesity, the annual probability of achieving even a 5% weight reduction was 1 in 8 for men and 1 in 7 for women. The authors concluded that the probability of attaining normal weight or maintaining a weight loss is low; therefore, weight management programs may be ineffective.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Given these findings, the argument can be made that putting people on a calorie-restricted weight loss program is not only ineffective, but perhaps even unethical. This explains why there is anger and tension in online communities and in some treatment circles about the use of low-calorie diets (emerging as \u201Cus\u201D vs. \u201Cthem\u201D narratives). If you have been put on diets by doctors and other practitioners and found that it only makes your relationship with food worse (e.g., binge eating or symptoms of bulimia), it\u2019s time for a new approach!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Of course, proponents of dieting may interpret this data as \u201Cthey are doing it wrong\u201D or \u201Cthey did not try hard enough.\u201D The diet approach appears to rely on the concept of \u201Cpersonal responsibility\u201D: that it is up to the individual to make the right choices (e.g., nutrition and exercise) to control their body weight. This perspective has begun to fall out of favor, particularly given the data that socioeconomic status, the neighborhood food environment, and exposure to stress, trauma, and adversity (\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/early-life-adversity-and-long-term-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"particularly early in life\"})}),\") can all play a role in weight-related outcomes [2,3]. More ethical solutions include helping people with body image by discussing the role of weight stigma in society, and ultimately helping people to improve their relationship with food through practices such as mindful eating, and being better in touch with hunger and fullness cues. Paying attention to your body is so much more effective than dieting, particularly when feeling stressed.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"The Limitations of Diet Approaches\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"It has become clear that theories of weight loss based on low-calorie dieting are failing, likely due to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/the-gut-brain-axis\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"neurochemical, endocrine, and gastrointestinal factors\"})}),\", which simple models of energy balance do not adequately capture. Additionally, many practitioners and researchers have begun to think beyond individual characteristics and to consider broader contextual factors, including the rise in \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/dopamine-and-food\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"addiction-like eating of ultra-processed foods\"})}),\" [4,5] and psychological factors such as weight stigma and dietary restraint [2,6]. Emerging evidence suggests that the composition of our gut microbiome can also play a role in eating behaviors [7]. Taken together, the \u201Ccalories in, calories out\u201D model is failing and is associated with diet approaches, whereas non-diet approaches are more effective for mental health, particularly for \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/how-to-reboot-health-and-mindset-after-binge\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"binge eating disorder\"})}),\" treatment or for individuals seeking help with other forms of disordered eating such as bulimia nervosa.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"What About Food Addiction?\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"The concept of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/differences-between-addictions-and-eating-disorders\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"food addiction\"})}),\" has often been associated with a diet approach because many assume that addiction recovery necessitates excluding certain foods, the pursuit of weight loss, body negativity attitudes, restriction, and shaming. However, this is not always the case. The conventional eating disorder approach (which is frequently considered the \u201Cnon-diet\u201D approach) appears to be the opposite: focusing on food inclusion, weight neutrality, body positivity, moderation, and non-stigmatizing practices. Most clinicians who work in mental health are likely to endorse a more inclusive approach. In contrast, many individuals (including those in 12-Step communities) appear drawn to a more food-exclusive method. If you can afford it, talking to a mental health professional such as a nutritional psychologist, or a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) specializing in behavioral health may be worth the investment, especially if you are bingeing and purging.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Which Approach is More Effective?\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"In our opinion, it is essential to not limit oneself to a single \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/does-wise-mind-nutrition-have-a-food-philosophy\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"food philosophy\"})}),\". Food philosophies must be dynamic, continually incorporating new findings, especially related to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"trauma\"})}),\". If all you have is a hammer, everything starts to look like a nail! We recommend that practitioners learn to diversify their toolkits! The non-diet approach is a critical part of any toolkit because reducing shame is a crucial component to recovery for many. Given that caloric restriction leads to preoccupation with food, a dieting approach may cause harm to specific individuals by promoting binge eating [6]. Thus, the non-diet approach can be conceptualized as a form of harm reduction. Most importantly, the non-diet approach empowers people to get in touch with their intuition around food, rather than relying on an external source of guidance.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Having a single \u201Cfood philosophy\u201D that gets extended to all people regardless of their biology, psychology, or social conditions is non-scientific. In other words, some people will benefit from having a more exclusive dietary approach that does emphasize the biological impact of certain foods. This is consistent with recent evidence emerging from the field of nutritional psychiatry, which tends to emphasize the biology of certain foods. Choosing not to eat certain foods does not always mean it is \u201Cdiet culture\u201D although in some cases it may be. This scenario should include having an expert provide guidelines during the healing process to empower the person to become more intuitive over time. Recently an 8-step assessment process to help with individual-level discernment has been published, which helps to determine if someone has an actual food addiction or if their symptoms are merely just a relic of dietary restraint [8]. Either way, it is critical to address issues related to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/body-image-and-disordered-eating\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"body image in any treatment for disordered eating\"})}),\".\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"The \u201CFood For Mood and Brain\u201D Health Approach\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"At Wise Mind Nutrition, we generally favor a non-diet approach to nutrition intervention. However, we acknowledge that more deliberate methods can still have a place, particularly for those with food addiction and other mental health issues (e.g., \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/nutrition-and-depression\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"depression\"})}),\"). This position does depend somewhat on semantics (i.e., how one defines diet). We believe that the word \u201Cdiet\u201D can extend beyond weight loss and therefore does not have to be a \u201Cbad word\u201D. It can include concepts related to eating for mental health. Our motto is \u201C\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/best-foods-brain-health-mood\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"food for mood and brain health\"})}),\"\u201D which may require some deliberate and intentional eating. Our method can help show how to stop stress eating without counting calories or getting lost in the math. It\u2019s so important to feel satisfied with your meals and engage in behaviors that are sustainable over the long term.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"The Era of Personalized Nutrition\\xa0\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"There is nothing wrong with changing your diet to improve your mental health! However, in the case of eating disorders and unhealthy relationships with food, it is wise to consult with a professional before making any drastic changes (particularly if it involves forms of restriction). Tailor-made hybrid models between inclusive (non-diet) and exclusive (diet) approaches have been helpful in our clinical experience. We tend to favor guiding principles rather than rigid rules. Still, we have positioned ourselves to help people with a wide range of dietary and psychological needs. Psychotherapy is individualized, and nutrition should be too! This is often referred to as \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/nutritional-psychology\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"nutritional psychology\"})}),\".\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"The era of personalized nutrition is here! One size does not fit all! Take the journey with Wise Mind Nutrition! Learn what works for YOU, and don\u2019t ever let anybody tell you that you cannot recover! Dietary improvement for mental health has finally arrived. You can absolutely eat for gut health and brain health without going on a diet. It\u2019s the best of all worlds and probably the best ways to reduce stress, and build a healthy relationship with food that feels sustainable.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"References\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"1. Fildes A, Charlton J, Rudisill C, Littlejohns P, Prevost AT, Gulliford MC. Probability of an Obese Person Attaining Normal Body Weight: Cohort Study Using Electronic Health Records. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(9):e54\u20139. 2. Wiss DA, Avena N, Gold M. Food Addiction and Psychosocial Adversity: Biological Embedding, Contextual Factors, and Public Health Implications. Nutrients. 2020;12(11):3521.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"3. Wiss DA, Brewerton TD. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Obesity: A Systematic Review of Plausible Mechanisms and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies. Physiol Behav. 2020;112964.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"4. Wiss DA, Avena N, Rada P. Sugar Addiction: From Evolution to Revolution. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2018;9:545. 5. Wiss DA, Criscitelli K, Gold M, Avena N. Preclinical evidence for the addiction potential of highly palatable foods: Current developments related to maternal influence. Appetite. 2017;115:19\u201327.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"6. Wiss DA, Avena NM. Food Addiction, Binge Eating, and the Role of Dietary Restraint: Converging Evidence from Animal and Human Studies. In: Frank KW, Berner LA, editors. Switzerland: Springer Nature; 2020. p. 193\u2013209.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"7. Gupta A, Osadchiy V, Mayer EA. Brain\u2013gut\u2013microbiome interactions in obesity and food addiction. Nat Rev Gastroentero. 2020;1\u201318.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"8. Wiss D, Brewerton T. Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2937.\"]})]});export const richText4=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(n.div,{className:\"framer-text-module\",style:{\"--aspect-ratio\":\"560 / 315\",aspectRatio:\"var(--aspect-ratio)\",height:\"auto\",width:\"100%\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(i,{componentIdentifier:\"module:NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js:Youtube\",children:t=>/*#__PURE__*/e(r,{...t,play:\"Off\",shouldMute:!0,thumbnail:\"High Quality\",url:\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=infutx_KAMA\"})})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"TLDR: Understanding Trauma's Impact on Eating Behaviors \"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article examines how childhood trauma and adverse experiences affect eating patterns and nutritional health. Key points include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) can create lasting effects on eating behaviors\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Early trauma increases risk of food addiction and binge eating\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Not all disordered eating stems from poor food choices\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Physical and emotional impacts of trauma affect nutritional status\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Traditional nutrition approaches may be ineffective without addressing trauma\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Wise Mind Nutrition emphasizes the importance of:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Recognizing eating patterns as potential trauma responses\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Taking a trauma-informed approach to nutritional counseling\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Avoiding shame-based interventions around food and body\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:'Understanding that \"time doesn\\'t heal all wounds\"'})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Focusing on holistic healing rather than just dietary changes\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The article concludes that effective nutrition therapy must acknowledge and address underlying trauma for sustainable recovery.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for comprehensive research on ACEs and their relationship to eating behaviors]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"img\",{alt:\"Traumatized women with hand on face\",className:\"framer-image\",\"data-framer-asset\":\"data:framer/asset-reference,Aq6o3Mc8jhkIQ37UMTI3dJqCRs0.jpg?preferredSize=medium\",\"data-framer-height\":\"3338\",\"data-framer-width\":\"5901\",height:\"1669\",src:\"https://framerusercontent.com/images/Aq6o3Mc8jhkIQ37UMTI3dJqCRs0.jpg?scale-down-to=1024\",style:{aspectRatio:\"5901 / 3338\"},width:\"2950\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Adverse life experiences during developmental periods can have a profound impact on adult physical and mental health. Challenges faced by children that may have once been viewed as \u201Charmless\u201D are increasingly understood as capable of influencing health later in life. The saying \u201Cwhat doesn\u2019t kill you makes you stronger\u201D is certainly not always the case.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"In this article, I provide an introduction to the links between symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and nutrition-related behavior, which may explain why so many people stress eat, binge eat, or report an addiction-like relationship with food. Links between \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-and-addictions\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"trauma and addictions\"})}),\" have been well described along several biopsychosocial pathways.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Measure\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"The widely accepted Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) measure asks questions about child maltreatment (emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect) and household dysfunction (parental separation or divorce, mother treated violently, household substance abuse, household mental illness, and incarcerated household member) [1]. Other forms of adversity that have been added to ACE measures include bullying and violence, discrimination, poverty, medical trauma, among others.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"In North America, one in four people have experienced at least one ACE [2]. Prolonged exposure to ACEs can create a toxic stress response, which can damage the developing brain and body of children and cause \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/early-life-adversity-and-long-term-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"long-term health problems\"})}),\". From clinical practice, I have observed that some of the common health problems stem from binge eating and substance use disorders.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"While many individuals exposed to ACEs can be resilient (i.e., emerge stronger afterwards), for others it has been suggested that \u201Ctime does not heal all wounds\u201D [3]. Some people develop PTSD after ACEs, while others do not. Many people blur out the memories of these experiences and thereby downplay the impact on their life, and some become entirely amnestic (i.e., don\u2019t recall at certain times). Differences depend on individual factors (i.e., genotype) as well as what type of ACE was experienced. Did you know that trauma can have an impact on the \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-inflammation-and-allostatic-load\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"immune system via chronic inflammation?\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"It has been shown that the dimension of childhood maltreatment (e.g., physical or sexual abuse) has a stronger impact on mental health than household dysfunction (e.g., parental drug use or divorce) [4,5]. \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87k836m7\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!0,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"In my doctoral dissertation\"})}),\", childhood maltreatment ACEs doubled the odds of being likely depressed or anxious in adulthood, among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Los Angeles, CA.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Associations of multiple ACEs have been determined as weak/modest for diabetes and overweight/obesity; moderate for smoking, heavy alcohol use, heart disease, cancer, and respiratory disease; strong for sexual risk-taking, problematic alcohol use, and mental ill-health; and the strongest for problematic drug use and interpersonal and self-directed violence [6]. Our research shows that being \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/adverse-childhood-experiences-and-adult-obesity\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"exposed to multiple ACEs increases the risk of adult obesity by nearly 50%\"})}),\", and this is not always due to the consumption of large amounts of food. Understanding the impact of trauma on biological systems can reduce weight bias.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"ACEs represent a profound societal burden globally, which is particularly frustrating given that many exposures can be prevented. It\u2019s now been 24 years since the original ACE study and only recently has \u201Ctrauma-informed\u201D become a buzzword. I have been teaching the principles of trauma informed nutrition for many years, particularly due to my interest in the links between \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-and-nutrition\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"early life trauma and disordered eating\"})}),\". For an individual seeking treatment for bulimia nervosa, getting the right trauma treatment can make all the difference. It\u2019s not just about food choices, it\u2019s about deep healing work.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Other Forms of Adversity\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Traumatic experiences during adulthood can also be quite damaging to health. For example, trauma and adversity of any kind can lead to an unhealthy relationship with food, compromised nutritional status, and various forms of disordered eating [7]. The relationship between food, individuals, families, and communities must be treated with compassion and a holistic perspective that acknowledges individual, historical (i.e., multigenerational), and systemic (contextual features of environments and institutions) trauma. This perspective has been referred to as the Social Determinants of Health [8,9] and is the predominant conceptual approach used in Public Health.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Adverse food-related experiences can include unreliable and/or unpredictable meals (i.e., \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/food-insecurity-and-mental-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"food insecurity\"})}),\"), restriction/control over food as well as body shaming (sometimes imposed by parents or family members), loss of food traditions (e.g., migration or family separation), and manipulation, punishment, or rewarding with food (sometimes by well-intentioned caregivers).\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Dietary behaviors that can result from adversity include binge-like eating disorders [10], and reliance on convenience foods high in sugar, salt, and fat, which is often referred to as food addiction [11\u201314]. These behaviors can also include hoarding food, impulsive decision-making, and a de-prioritization of planning and budgeting. Understanding this can be the first step in moving toward a healthy relationship with food among people with binge eating.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"I have worked with many people who were baffled by their relationship with food and learned that ACEs and other forms of trauma may have contributed to their disordered eating. Yes, trauma is one of the known causes of food addiction. So instead of trying to target the sugar or food addiction, in some cases it\u2019s best to focus on treating the trauma. Getting support from a registered dietitian nutritionist specializing in mental and behavioral health can make all the difference. Focusing on an anti-inflammatory diet is recommended, but shouldn\u2019t become a new source of stress.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Trauma Informed Nutrition Therapy\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Trauma-informed nutrition therapy acknowledges the role ACEs and other forms of adversity play in a person\u2019s life. It recognizes symptoms of trauma and promotes resilience by not exacerbating these hidden wounds.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"A trauma-informed approach is characterized by an understanding that unhealthy dietary habits, chronic disease, and poor health outcomes may be a result of adverse experiences and not necessarily a result of individual \u201Cchoices.\u201D Therefore, trauma-informed nutrition therapy aims to avoid shaming, blaming, and stigmatizing. This perspective is critical to reducing weight stigma that is so pervasive in society nowadays.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Trauma-informed approaches focus on holistic well-being rather than weight and/or BMI and recognize that some nutrition interventions can be triggering. They acknowledge the strengths and skills of clients rather than pointing to a lack of willingness, and they inspire healing and a personalized relationship to food. Additionally, trauma-informed nutrition therapy is a practice of cultural humility and aims to address both conscious and unconscious biases.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"At Wise Mind Nutrition, we are proud to be on the frontline of providing a trauma-informed approach to nutrition-related behavior change. In fact, we believe this is the future. Too many people have been traumatized by nutritionists, some who were well-intentioned and others who were just improperly trained. The paradigm shift has begun.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"References\"})]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"1. Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of Childhood Abuse and Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prev Med. 1998;14(4):245\u201358.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"2. Bellis MA, Hughes K, Ford K, Rodriguez G, Sethi D, Passmore J. Life course health consequences and associated annual costs of adverse childhood experiences across Europe and North America: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Heal. 2019;\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"3. Raposo SM, Mackenzie CS, Henriksen CA, Afifi TO. Time Does Not Heal All Wounds: Older Adults Who Experienced Childhood Adversities Have Higher Odds of Mood, Anxiety, and Personality Disorders. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2014;22(11):1241\u201350.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"4. Negriff S. ACEs are not equal: Examining the relative impact of household dysfunction versus childhood maltreatment on mental health in adolescence. Soc Sci Med. 2019;245:112696.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"5. Negriff S. Childhood adversities and mental health outcomes: Does the perception or age of the event matter? Dev Psychopathol. 2020;1\u201314.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"6. Hughes K, Bellis MA, Hardcastle KA, Sethi D, Butchart A, Mikton C, et al. The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Public health. 2017;2(8):e356\u201366.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"7. Wiss DA, Avena N, Gold M. Food Addiction and Psychosocial Adversity: Biological Embedding, Contextual Factors, and Public Health Implications. Nutrients. 2020;12(11):3521.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"8. Braveman P, Egerter S, Williams DR. The Social Determinants of Health: Coming of Age. Annu Rev Publ Health. 2011;32(1):381\u201398.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"9. Braveman P, Gottlieb L. The Social Determinants of Health: It\u2019s Time to Consider the Causes of the Causes. Public Health Reports. 2014;129(1_suppl2):19\u201331.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"10. Micali N, Martini MG, Thomas JJ, Eddy KT, Kothari R, Russell E, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of eating disorders amongst women in mid-life: a population-based study of diagnoses and risk factors. Bmc Med. 2017;15(1):12.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"11. Nunes-Neto PR, K\\xf6hler CA, Schuch FB, Solmi M, Quevedo J, Maes M, et al. Food addiction: Prevalence, psychopathological correlates and associations with quality of life in a large sample. J Psychiatr Res. 2018;96:145\u201352. 12. Mason SM, Flint AJ, Field AE, Austin BS, Rich\u2010Edwards JW. Abuse victimization in childhood or adolescence and risk of food addiction in adult women. Obesity. 2013;21(12):E775\u201381.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"13. Mason SM, Flint AJ, Roberts AL, Agnew-Blais J, Koenen KC, Rich-Edwards JW. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Food Addiction in Women by Timing and Type of Trauma Exposure. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71(11):1271\u20138.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"14. Brewerton TD. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Disordered Eating: Food Addiction as Self-Medication. J Women\u2019s Heal. 2011;20(8):1133\u20134.\"]})]});export const richText5=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(n.div,{className:\"framer-text-module\",style:{\"--aspect-ratio\":\"560 / 315\",aspectRatio:\"var(--aspect-ratio)\",height:\"auto\",width:\"100%\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(i,{componentIdentifier:\"module:NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js:Youtube\",children:t=>/*#__PURE__*/e(r,{...t,play:\"Off\",shouldMute:!0,thumbnail:\"High Quality\",url:\"https://youtu.be/7_zh2VMb98E\"})})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"TLDR: Food Insecurity and Mental Health - Understanding the Connection\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article explores the relationship between food insecurity and mental health. Key points include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Definition and prevalence of food insecurity in the United States\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The link between food insecurity, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and mental health\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The impact of food insecurity on psychological well-being across different age groups\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Key takeaways:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Food insecurity affects 11.8% of US households, with higher rates among disadvantaged groups\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Exposure to ACEs increases the risk of food insecurity in adulthood\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Food insecurity is associated with a nearly three-fold increase in the odds of developing depression\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated food insecurity issues\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Wise Mind Nutrition's stance:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Recognizes food insecurity as a form of childhood adversity\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Emphasizes the importance of addressing food insecurity in mental health treatment\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Offers a trauma-informed approach to wellness that considers food insecurity\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Promotes mindfulness and meditation as tools to recover from stress eating\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Advocates for increased access to nutritious food as part of healing work\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The article concludes by highlighting the need for comprehensive nutrition evaluations that consider food insecurity and its impact on mental health. It emphasizes the importance of a food-first, trauma-informed approach to wellness that addresses both the biological and psychological aspects of recovery.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for detailed statistics on food insecurity, its relationship to mental health disorders, and comprehensive references to scientific studies]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"img\",{alt:\"Food insecurity on plate with wood background\",className:\"framer-image\",\"data-framer-asset\":\"data:framer/asset-reference,rHKYl3rApXDCjNirutGn97rIHI4.jpg?preferredSize=medium\",\"data-framer-height\":\"3400\",\"data-framer-width\":\"5100\",height:\"1700\",src:\"https://framerusercontent.com/images/rHKYl3rApXDCjNirutGn97rIHI4.jpg?scale-down-to=1024\",style:{aspectRatio:\"5100 / 3400\"},width:\"2550\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Food Insecurity is defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as a \u201Climited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways\u201D [1]. Only recently has it become evident that limited access to food can be considered a form of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/early-life-adversity-and-long-term-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"childhood adversity\"})}),\", increasingly referred to as \u201Cadverse food-related experiences.\u201D Many people who are feeling stressed and seek nutritional advice discover that they have some form of adverse food-related experiences at some point in their life.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"Estimates from a 2017 study showed that 11.8% of US households are food insecure, with higher rates among adults living alone, non-whites, and low-income households [2]. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) showed that the rate of food insecurity doubled from approximately 9% in 2005-2006 to 18% in 2011-2012 [3]. This change has been partially attributed to the Economic Recession of 2007-2009, which has subsequently improved although not to pre-recession rates [4,5]. Food insecurity may be one contributor to a \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/nutrition-and-depression\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"depressed mood\"})}),\".\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Socioeconomic Factors and Food Insecurity\\xa0\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Prevalence estimates of food insecurity are much higher in underserved and substance-using individuals and communities, with estimates ranging from 42-71% [6\u201310]. The COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact has led to increased food insecurity across several disadvantaged groups [11]. According to this national data from July 2020, 21.2% of people making less than $50,000/year report sometimes or often not having enough food to eat. In other words, food insecurity is a serious, growing problem in the US, and it is often ignored by or invisible to those of us with access to proper nutrition.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"In addition to socioeconomic factors, multiple cross-sectional studies have described an increased risk of food insecurity being associated with exposure to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/adverse-childhood-experience-measurement\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"Adverse Childhood Experiences\"})}),\" (ACEs) [12\u201314]. It has been shown that exposure to a single ACE is significantly associated with elevated risk for household food insecurity [14]. ACEs carry consequences for food insecurity into young adulthood, especially if they accumulate. One known consequence is \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-and-nutrition\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"binge eating\"})}),\" and bulimia nervosa. One of the best lifestyle interventions for people with binge eating is to remove stressors and sources of both nutritional and emotional deprivation.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"In a nationally representative longitudinal study, exposure to four or more ACEs was associated with more than three-fold increase in the odds of food insecurity in young adulthood [15]. In this study, income, drug use, and depressive symptoms were found to partially reduce the magnitude of this association. Using a social determinants of health framework, a recent review suggested that adolescent food insecurity research should explore parenting factors, family dynamics, psychological factors, other health behaviors, and the accumulation of stress [16]. At Wise Mind Nutrition, our program is designed to teach you how to stop stress eating, emotional eating, and to improve your body image, no matter what you have been through. \",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"We get it.\"})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Food Insecurity and Mental Health\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Food insecurity provides important context for both adverse childhood experiences as well as adult mental health. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 57 US studies showed that food insecurity is associated with a nearly three-fold increase in the odds of developing depression [17]. A more recent systematic review and meta-analysis found that those above 65 years of age exhibited a higher risk for depression than younger participants [18]. In a longitudinal study from Canada, those with co-occurring disorder (substance use disorder plus mood disorder) were more likely to remain in the persistently high food insecurity group over time [19]. Other data suggest that food insecurity is associated with multiple indicators of psychological distress [20]. Taken together, food insecurity has strong associations with both the causes and consequences of ACEs, and therefore should be considered in any comprehensive nutrition evaluation that looks at eating habits over the lifespan.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"If you have ever experienced food insecurity at any point in your life, there is a chance that it may have impacted your relationship with food. There are well-established links between \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-and-addictions\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"trauma and addictions\"})}),\". Deprivation can set you up for binge eating in the short-term or even later in life. Periods of malnourishment can have lasting effects, particularly during sensitive periods of development, although some of them are reversible.\\xa0\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"Our Trauma-Informed Approach To Wellness\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Food insecurity and mental health is an important topic that most people have not thought about\u2014at Wise Mind Nutrition, our goal is to cover all of the biopsychosocial bases, explore all the intersections and create greater awareness for anyone concerned with health and wellbeing. We can help with both the biological and psychological recovery from food insecurity and other forms of ACEs.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"We are especially skilled in helping you recover from stress eating through practices such as mindfulness and meditation, which help you live in the present moment. Our personalized nutrition program integrates an understanding of the social determinants of health, functional medicine, and the latest advances in the fields of \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/nutritional-psychology\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"nutritional psychology\"})}),\" and nutritional psychiatry.\\xa0\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"We use a food-first \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-informed-nutrition-therapy\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"trauma-informed approach\"})}),\" to help you achieve the kind of wellness you may have never felt before. Safety and security should always come first, particularly for people with depression and other types of mood disorders, anxiety, history of trauma, and substance use disorders. We believe in healing work and we strongly believe that access to nutritious food should be a part of it!\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"References\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"1. Bickel G, Nord M, Price C, Hamilton W, Cook J. Guide to Measuring Household Food Security [Internet]. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Science ; 2000. Available from: https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/FSGuide.pdf\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"2. Coleman-Jensen A, Rabbit MP, Gregory CA, Singh A. Household Food Security in the United States in 2017. United States Department of Agriculture. 2018;\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"3. Berkowitz SA, Berkowitz TS, Meigs JB, Wexler DJ. Trends in food insecurity for adults with cardiometabolic disease in the United States: 2005-2012. PLOS ONE. 2017;12(6):e0179172.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"4. Gundersen C, Ziliak JP. Food Insecurity And Health Outcomes. Health Affair. 2017;34(11):1830\u20139.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"5. Seligman HK, Berkowitz SA. Aligning Programs and Policies to Support Food Security and Public Health Goals in the United States. Annu Rev Publ Health. 2018;40(1):319\u201337.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"6. Kushel MB, Gupta R, Gee L, Haas JS. Housing instability and food insecurity as barriers to health care among low-income americans. J Gen Intern Med. 2006;21(1):71\u20137.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"7. Shannon K, Kerr T, Milloy M-J, Anema A, Zhang R, Montaner JSG, et al. Severe food insecurity is associated with elevated unprotected sex among HIV-seropositive injection drug users independent of HAART use. Aids. 2011;25(16):2037\u201342.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"8. Silverman J, Krieger J, Kiefer M, Hebert P, Robinson J, Nelson K. The Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Depression, Diabetes Distress and Medication Adherence Among Low-Income Patients with Poorly-Controlled Diabetes. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2015;30(10):1476\u201380.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"9. Becerra BJ, Sis-Medina R, Reyes A, Becerra MB. Association Between Food Insecurity and Serious Psychological Distress Among Hispanic Adults Living in Poverty. Preventing Chronic Disease. 2015;12:E206.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"10. Weiser SD, Frongillo EA, Ragland K, Hogg RS, Riley ED, Bangsberg DR. Food Insecurity is Associated with Incomplete HIV RNA Suppression Among Homeless and Marginally Housed HIV-infected Individuals in San Francisco. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24(1):14\u201320.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"11. Bureau USC. Week 12 Household Pulse Survey: July 16 - July 21 [Internet]. 2020 Jul. Available from: https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2020/demo/hhp/hhp12.html\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"12. Chilton M, Knowles M, Rabinowich J, Arnold KT. The relationship between childhood adversity and food insecurity: \u2018It\u2019s like a bird nesting in your head.\u2019 Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(14):2643\u201353.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"13. Baiden P, LaBrenz CA, Thrasher S, Asiedua-Baiden G, Harerimana B. Adverse childhood experiences and household food insecurity among children aged 0\u20135 years in the USA. Public Health Nutr. 2020;1\u20139.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"14. Jackson DB, Chilton M, Johnson KR, Vaughn MG. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Household Food Insecurity: Findings From the 2016 National Survey of Children\u2019s Health. Am J Prev Med. 2019;\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"15. Testa A, Jackson DB. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Food Insecurity in Adulthood: Evidence From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. J Adolescent Health. 2020;67(2):218\u201324.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"16. Dush JL. Adolescent food insecurity: A review of contextual and behavioral factors. Public Heal Nurs Boston Mass. 2020;\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"17. Arenas DJ, Thomas A, Wang J, DeLisser HM. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Disorders in US Adults with Food Insecurity. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2019;1\u20139.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"18. Pourmotabbed A, Moradi S, Babaei A, Ghavami A, Mohammadi H, Jalili C, et al. Food insecurity and mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr. 2020;23(10):1778\u201390.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"19. Lachaud J, Mejia-Lancheros C, Wang R, Wiens K, Nisenbaum R, Stergiopoulos V, et al. Mental and substance use disorders and food insecurity among homeless adults participating in the At Home/Chez Soi study. Plos One. 2020;15(4):e0232001.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"20. Myers CA. Food Insecurity and Psychological Distress: a Review of the Recent Literature. Curr Nutrition Reports. 2020;1\u201312.\"]})]});export const richText6=/*#__PURE__*/t(o.Fragment,{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(n.div,{className:\"framer-text-module\",style:{\"--aspect-ratio\":\"560 / 315\",aspectRatio:\"var(--aspect-ratio)\",height:\"auto\",width:\"100%\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(i,{componentIdentifier:\"module:NEd4VmDdsxM3StIUbddO/fJ8vwGe6kxfz7kj9H7Sk/YouTube.js:Youtube\",children:t=>/*#__PURE__*/e(r,{...t,play:\"Off\",shouldMute:!0,thumbnail:\"High Quality\",url:\"https://youtu.be/5X2M_PrSkCQ\"})})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h2\",{children:\"TLDR: Nutrition and Mental Health - A Multifaceted Connection\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"This article introduces the complex relationship between nutrition and mental health. Key points include:\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ol\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:'The broad scope of both \"nutrition\" and \"mental health\"'})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Various approaches to studying nutrition's impact on mental health\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The emergence of Nutritional Psychology and Nutritional Psychiatry\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Key takeaways:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Nutrition impacts mental health beyond just providing essential nutrients\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The Mediterranean Diet has been linked to reduced depressive symptoms\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Micronutrient supplementation shows promise for stress, anxiety, and depression\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"How we think about food also affects mental health\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The gut-brain connection is a crucial aspect of nutrition and mental health\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"Wise Mind Nutrition's stance:\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"ul\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Advocates for a comprehensive approach to nutrition and mental health\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Emphasizes the importance of considering biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Supports the integration of nutritional interventions in mental health care\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"li\",{\"data-preset-tag\":\"p\",style:{\"--framer-font-size\":\"11px\",\"--framer-text-color\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"--framer-text-decoration\":\"none\"},children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"Encourages viewing nutrition for mental health through a biopsychosocial lens\"})})]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"The article concludes that the field of nutrition for mental health is multifaceted, requiring consideration of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in how we approach nutrition and its impact on mental well-being.\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:\"[Read full article for detailed explanations of research findings, the various lenses through which to view nutrition and mental health, and full references to scientific studies]\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"img\",{alt:\"Mental health written on block lettering\",className:\"framer-image\",\"data-framer-asset\":\"data:framer/asset-reference,9kZU37dZLxzkPjiDCLuNjCgW2iY.jpg?preferredSize=medium\",\"data-framer-height\":\"2916\",\"data-framer-width\":\"5184\",height:\"1458\",src:\"https://framerusercontent.com/images/9kZU37dZLxzkPjiDCLuNjCgW2iY.jpg?scale-down-to=1024\",style:{aspectRatio:\"5184 / 2916\"},width:\"2592\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[\"The term \u201CNutrition for Mental Health\u201D has broad implications. One might assume it is merely about nutrients (e.g., vitamins and minerals) that are important for optimal brain health and functioning. While nutrients themselves are quite important biological factors for cognitive processes, there is actually much more to it!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"This article is an introduction to the conversation around nutrition and mental health. Many of the nuances will be expanded on and covered in future articles. Please subscribe to stay up-to-date with this exciting new area of study (\u201C\",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/nutritional-psychology\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"Nutritional Psychology\"})}),\"\u201D) and clinical practice (\u201CNutritional Psychiatry\u201D).\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h3\",{children:\"Mental Health Nutrition\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"\u201CMental health\u201D is also a broad term. It includes disorders such as depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and more. Importantly, mental health also includes \u201Cmental wellness\u201D which can be independent of known stress-related, behavioral, or mood disorders.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"The term \u201Cnutrition\u201D is also a broad domain. It includes food but also includes dietary supplements, nutraceuticals such as \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/polyphenols-and-mental-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"polyphenols\"})}),\", and other compounds that can be ingested and digested. Thus, the link between nutrition and mental health can take on various forms, depending on context. Here, we focus on mental health conditions with known links to nutritional status and/or eating behavior.\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"p\",{children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{className:\"trailing-break\"})}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"h3\",{children:\"Linking Nutrition and Mental Health\"}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Many of the early scientific discoveries (that caught my attention) linking nutrition to mental health came from associational studies linking various micronutrient deficiencies to a range of mental health disorders. For example, individuals using \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/nutrition-in-recovery-from-substance-use-disorders\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"drugs and/or alcohol\"})}),\" present to hospital detoxes with a wide range of nutrient deficiencies such as B-vitamins, antioxidant vitamins (A, C, and E), magnesium, iron, etc. [1\u20134]. Importantly, some nutrients such as copper and zinc can be elevated (rather than deficient) indicative of potential infection and \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/trauma-inflammation-and-allostatic-load\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"inflammation\"})}),\". Meanwhile, associational studies cannot indicate if the micronutrient deficiencies are a cause or a consequence of the impairments in mental status. And of course, drug and alcohol use are both associated with altered eating behavior and gut function therefore such findings cannot be extrapolated to the general population.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"A growing body of research in the area of Nutrition for Mental Health focuses on \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/nutrition-and-depression\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"depression-related outcomes\"})}),\". Countless studies have shown that the \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/mediterranean-style-eating-for-mental-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"Mediterranean Diet\"})}),\" has been associated with reductions in depressive symptoms [5,6]. Recently, intervention trials have been conducted using broad spectrum micronutrient formulas for symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety, with the majority of studies showing positive effects [7]. For example, B-vitamin supplementation has been shown to benefit stress management in at-risk populations [8]. It has also been suggested that long-term consumption of micronutrients for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms is safe, without reports of clinically significant adverse effects [9]. Efforts to improve diets and/or include supplementation should be routine in clinical mental health care, but it is unfortunately not!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"A recent meta-analysis showed that dietary interventions using food hold promise as a novel intervention for reducing depressive symptoms across multiple different groups in the population [10]. Importantly, intervention studies using food-based interventions differ from dietary supplement studies in several ways. One obvious difference is that changing the way people eat is much more difficult than adding a daily pill regimen. Another example is that food has profound implications for \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/gut-health\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"gut bacteria\"})}),\", which will be discussed in much more detail in future articles.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"As stated, there is so much \u201Cmore to it\u201D than food and nutrients. This conversation must go beyond the biochemical reductionist approach. For example, how we think about food also falls under the domain of Nutrition for Mental Health. If an individual is spending 50% of the day stressing out about food and/or their body, it can certainly impact mental health and overall quality of life.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"Another example is the recent discovery of the gastrointestinal tract as the \u201Csecond brain\u201D which has broad implications for the immune system and therefore all body systems. The psychology of eating, the concept of eating to feed microbes that live inside of us, are all part of a much-needed paradigm shift in the field of nutrition. What an exciting time to translate research into findings that can actually help people improve the quality of their lives today!\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"To summarize, there is a biological lens for Nutrition for Mental Health related to nutrients and physiological processes that are connected to the brain (sometimes referred to as Nutritional Psychiatry [11]). There is a psychological lens that is related to \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/body-image-and-disordered-eating\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"body image, disordered eating\"})}),\", and cognitive processes around food choices (sometimes referred to as Nutritional Psychology [12]).\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"There is also a sociocultural lens that connects food to the human experience, situated in family dynamics, communities, and the broader ecological context of our environment (sometimes referred to as the Social Determinants of Health [13]). It is critical to merge all of these perspectives and employ a \",/*#__PURE__*/e(a,{href:\"https://wisemindnutrition.com/blog/the-biopsychosocial-model-of-health-and-disease\",nodeId:\"E7GHsAote\",openInNewTab:!1,smoothScroll:!1,children:/*#__PURE__*/e(\"a\",{children:\"Biopsychosocial Model\"})}),\" to the conversation of Nutrition for Mental Health. The conversation is just beginning. Be here for it!\"]}),/*#__PURE__*/t(\"p\",{children:[/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"strong\",{children:\"References\"}),/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"1. Hossain K, Kamal MM, Ahsan M, Islam SN. Serum antioxidant micromineral (Cu, Zn, Fe) status of drug dependent subjects: Influence of illicit drugs and lifestyle. Subst Abus Treat Prev Policy. 2007;2(1):12.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"2. Ross LJ, Wilson M, Banks M, Rezannah F, Daglish M. Prevalence of malnutrition and nutritional risk factors in patients undergoing alcohol and drug treatment. Nutrition. 2012;28(7\u20138):738\u201343.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"3. Dingwall KM, Delima JF, Gent D, Batey RG. Hypomagnesaemia and its potential impact on thiamine utilisation in patients with alcohol misuse at the Alice Springs Hospital. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2015;34(3):323\u20138.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"4. Kopczy\u0144ska E, Zi\\xf3\u0142kowski M, Jendryczka-Ma\u0107kiewicz E, Odrowaz-Sypniewska G, Opozda K, Tyrakowski T. [The concentrations of homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12 in alcohol dependent male patients]. Psychiatr Pol. 2004;38(5):947\u201356.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"5. Lassale C, Batty GD, Baghdadli A, Jacka F, S\\xe1nchez-Villegas A, Kivim\\xe4ki M, et al. Healthy dietary indices and risk of depressive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Mol Psychiatr. 2019;24(7):965\u201386.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"6. Parletta N, Zarnowiecki D, Cho J, Wilson A, Bogomolova S, Villani A, et al. A Mediterranean-style dietary intervention supplemented with fish oil improves diet quality and mental health in people with depression: A randomized controlled trial (HELFIMED). Nutr Neurosci. 2017;22(7):1\u201314.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"7. Blampied M, Bell C, Gilbert C, Rucklidge JJ. Broad spectrum micronutrient formulas for the treatment of symptoms of depression, stress, and/or anxiety: a systematic review. Expert Rev Neurother. 2020;20(4):351\u201371.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"8. Young LM, Pipingas A, White DJ, Gauci S, Scholey A. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of B Vitamin Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Stress: Effects on Healthy and \u2018At-Risk\u2019 Individuals. Nutrients. 2019;11(9):2232.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"9. Rucklidge JJ, Eggleston MJF, Ealam B, Beaglehole B, Mulder RT. An Observational Preliminary Study on the Safety of Long-Term Consumption of Micronutrients for the Treatment of Psychiatric Symptoms. J Altern Complementary Medicine. 2019;25(6):613\u201322.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"10. Firth J, Marx W, Dash S, Carney R, Teasdale SB, Solmi M, et al. The Effects of Dietary Improvement on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Psychosom Med. 2019;81(3):265\u201380.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"11. Jacka FN. Nutritional Psychiatry: Where to Next? EBioMedicine. 2017;17:24\u20139.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"12. Kaplan BJ, Rucklidge JJ, Romijn A, McLeod K. The Emerging Field of Nutritional Mental Health. Clin Psychological Sci. 2014;3(6):964\u201380.\",/*#__PURE__*/e(\"br\",{}),\"13. Braveman P, Egerter S, Williams DR. The Social Determinants of Health: Coming of Age. 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